|
Elam
|
2500bce |
539bce |
Iraq, Iran (2500bce-539bce) |
|
Akkadian Empire
|
2350bce |
2150bce |
Iraq (2350bce-2150bce), Saudi Arabia, Kuwait (2271bce-2150bce), Syria, Iran, Jordan, Turkey (2248bce-2150bce) |
|
Neo-Sumerian (Ur III) Empire
|
2112bce |
2004bce |
Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Iran (2112bce-2004bce) |
|
Hittite Empire
|
1600bce |
1178bce |
Turkey, Syria, Lebanon (1600bce-1178bce) |
|
Egyptian Empire
|
1552bce |
1069bce |
Sudan, Israel, Palestine, Egypt, Libya, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan (1552bce-1069bce) |
|
Mittani Empire
|
1475bce |
1275bce |
Syria, Iraq, Turkey (1475bce-1275bce) |
|
Middle Assyrian Empire
|
1350bce |
1200bce |
Syria, Iraq, Turkey (1350bce-1200bce) |
|
NeoAssyrian Empire
|
911bce |
609bce |
Iraq, Iran, Turkey, Syria (911bce-609bce), Lebanon (737bce-609bce), Israel, Armenia (712bce-609bce), Saudi Arabia, Palestine, Kuwait, Egypt, Jordan, Cyprus (671bce-609bce) |
|
Kingdom of Kush
|
890bce |
350bce |
Sudan, Egypt (890bce-350bce) |
|
Urartu Kingdom
|
860bce |
590bce |
Iran, Turkey, Armenia (860bce-590bce) |
|
Macedonian Empire
|
808bce |
148bce |
North Macedonia, Greece, Bulgaria (808bce-148bce), Albania (336bce-148bce), Moldova, Romania, Turkey (334bce-200bce), Cyprus (333bce-316bce), Iraq, Syria, Kuwait, Egypt, Israel (331bce-200bce), Lebanon (331bce-301bce), Iran (331bce-312bce), Afghanistan, Turkmenistan (330bce-200bce), Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan (327bce-200bce), India (327bce-323bce) |
|
Roman Empire
|
800bce |
395ce |
Italy (800bce-395ce), Monaco (237bce-395ce), Malta (218bce-395ce), Spain (209bce-395ce), Portugal (206bce-395ce), Albania (146bce-395ce), Greece, Tunisia, San Marino, Turkey (133bce-395ce), Lebanon, North Macedonia (64bce-395ce), Israel (63bce-395ce), Cyprus, Netherlands, Morocco, Gibraltar, Luxembourg, Romania, Jordan, Moldova, Germany, Switzerland, Libya, France (44bce-395ce), Egypt (30bce-395ce), Syria, Palestine, Croatia (27bce-395ce), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Andorra, Slovenia, Austria (14bce-395ce), Hungary (9bce-395ce), Bulgaria, Belgium, Algeria (14ce-395ce), Liechtenstein (15ce-395ce), Armenia, Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, United Kingdom, Ukraine (100ce-395ce), Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Kuwait, Iran (115ce-395ce) |
|
Median Empire
|
678bce |
550bce |
Iran, Armenia, Turkey, Iraq (678bce-550bce), Azerbaijan (648bce-550bce) |
|
NeoBabylonian Empire
|
626bce |
539bce |
Iraq (626bce-539bce), Kuwait, Iran (614bce-539bce), Syria, Israel, Turkey (612bce-539bce), Lebanon (605bce-539bce), Egypt, Jordan, Cyprus, Saudi Arabia, Palestine (599bce-539bce) |
|
Carthaginian Empire
|
550bce |
201bce |
Tunisia (650bce-146bce), Libya, Algeria, Gibraltar (650bce-201bce), Spain (650bce-206bce), Italy, France, Malta (650bce-218bce) |
|
Pandyan Empire
|
550bce |
1550ce |
Sri Lanka, India (550bce-1550ce) |
|
Achaemenid Empire
|
550bce |
330bce |
Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Armenia, Georgia (550bce-331bce), Cyprus (545bce-333bce), Lebanon, Iraq, Pakistan, Syria, Jordan (539bce-331bce), Israel (539bce-332bce), Oman (530bce-330bce), Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Palestine, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kuwait, Kazakhstan (530bce-331bce), Libya (525bce-331bce), Egypt (525bce-404bce), India (518bce-330bce), Ukraine, Russia, Moldova (513bce-331bce), North Macedonia (512bce-330bce), Bulgaria, Greece (512bce-479bce), Romania (410bce-331bce) |
|
Delian League
|
478bce |
404bce |
Greece, Turkey (478bce-404bce) |
|
Nanda Empire
|
344bce |
324bce |
Nepal, India, Bangladesh (344bce-324bce) |
|
Armenian Empire
|
331bce |
428ce |
Armenia (331bce-428ce), Azerbaijan, Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Iran, Georgia (300bce-428ce), Lebanon, Israel, Palestine (95bce-428ce) |
|
Mauryan Empire
|
326bce |
184bce |
India, Nepal (326bce-184bce), Iran, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Afghanistan (305bce-184bce) |
|
Seleucid Empire
|
312bce |
64bce |
Syria, Turkey (312bce-64bce), Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Kazakhstan, Palestine (312bce-141bce), Greece (312bce-190bce), Iran (312bce-247bce), Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan (312bce-256bce), Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan (312bce-275bce), Pakistan (307bce-141bce), India (307bce-256bce), Israel (301bce-110bce), Jordan (301bce-141bce), Lebanon (198bce-64bce), Cyprus (170bce-168bce) |
|
Ptolemaic Empire
|
305bce |
30bce |
Libya, Egypt (305bce-30bce), Israel (301bce-30bce), Lebanon (301bce-198bce), Cyprus (294bce-58bce), Turkey, Jordan, Syria, Palestine, Greece (275bce-133bce) |
|
Pontic Empire
|
302bce |
62ce |
Turkey (302bce-62ce), Greece, Ukraine, Georgia, Bulgaria, Russia, Romania (129bce-62ce) |
|
Parthian Empire
|
247bce |
224ce |
Iran (247bce-224ce), Turkmenistan (235bce-224ce), Kuwait, Azerbaijan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Georgia, Turkey, Pakistan, Bahrain (141bce-224ce), Israel (40bce-37bce), Armenia, Afghanistan (63ce-224ce), Iraq (141ce-224ce) |
|
Hsuing-nu Empire
|
209bce |
51bce |
Russia, China, Tajikistan, Mongolia (209bce-51bce) |
|
Han Dynasty
|
206bce |
220ce |
South Korea, China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia (206bce-220ce) |
|
Shunga Empire
|
185bce |
75bce |
Nepal, India, Bangladesh (185bce-75bce) |
|
Nabataean Kingdom
|
168bce |
106ce |
Syria, Palestine, Jordan, Israel, Egypt, Saudi Arabia (168bce-106ce) |
|
Silla Kingdom
|
57bce |
935ce |
South Korea, North Korea (57bce-935ce) |
|
Goguryeo
|
37bce |
668ce |
China, Russia, North Korea (37bce-668ce), South Korea (391ce-668ce) |
|
Kingdom of Funan
|
1ce |
500ce |
Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand (1ce-500ce) |
|
Kushan Empire
|
30ce |
375ce |
Tajikistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, China, Iran, Turkmenistan (30ce-375ce), India (130ce-375ce) |
|
Aksumite Empire
|
100ce |
960ce |
Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti (100ce-960ce), Yemen (100ce-480ce), Somalia (230ce-960ce) |
|
Eastern Wu
|
220ce |
280ce |
Vietnam, China (220ce-280ce) |
|
Wei Empire
|
220ce |
265ce |
North Korea, China (220ce-265ce) |
|
Qin Dynasty
|
221ce |
206ce |
China, Vietnam (221bce-206bce) |
|
Sassanid Dynasty
|
224ce |
651ce |
Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Iran (224ce-651ce), Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Iraq (224ce-643ce), Turkey, Syria (224ce-639ce), Kazakhstan, India (480ce-651ce), Russia (480ce-643ce), Kuwait (480ce-639ce), Saudi Arabia, Oman, Bahrain (531ce-639ce), Tajikistan (570ce-651ce), Yemen (570ce-628ce), Israel (614ce-628ce), Qatar (621ce-639ce), Jordan, Libya, Egypt, Lebanon, Palestine (621ce-628ce) |
|
Gallic Empire
|
260ce |
274ce |
Spain, Portugal, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Belgium, France (260ce-274ce) |
|
Jin Dynasty 265--420
|
265ce |
420ce |
Vietnam, Mongolia, China (265ce-420ce) |
|
Palmyrene Empire
|
270ce |
273ce |
Lebanon, Turkey, Jordan, Syria, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Palestine, Egypt (270ce-273ce) |
|
Gupta Empire
|
319ce |
550ce |
Bangladesh, India, Nepal (319ce-550ce), Pakistan (375ce-550ce) |
|
Rouran Khaganate
|
330ce |
552ce |
Mongolia, Kazakhstan, China, Russia (330ce-552ce) |
|
Hephthalite Empire
|
350ce |
670ce |
Afghanistan (350ce-670ce), Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (408ce-670ce), China (460ce-670ce), India (467ce-670ce) |
|
Hunnic Empire
|
370ce |
469ce |
Moldova, Romania (370ce-550ce), Kazakhstan, Russia (370ce-469ce), Hungary (375ce-454ce), Ukraine (376ce-550ce), Belarus (376ce-469ce), Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Croatia (408ce-469ce), Austria (408ce-454ce), Poland (420ce-469ce), Germany (420ce-454ce) |
|
Byzantine Empire
|
395ce |
1453ce |
Turkey (395ce-1453ce), Greece (395ce-1350ce), Albania (395ce-1203ce), Cyprus (395ce-1191ce), Bulgaria (395ce-1185ce), North Macedonia (395ce-650ce), Egypt (395ce-641ce), Israel (395ce-637ce), Libya, Lebanon, Syria (476ce-650ce), Bosnia and Herzegovina (535ce-1183ce), Malta (535ce-870ce), Croatia (535ce-810ce), Slovenia (540ce-1204ce), Italy (540ce-1018ce), Algeria, Tunisia (540ce-717ce), France, Portugal, Morocco (540ce-650ce), Spain (552ce-624ce), Monaco (553ce-568ce), Armenia (635ce-697ce) |
|
Western Roman Empire
|
395ce |
476ce |
Switzerland, Italy, San Marino, France, Morocco, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Portugal, Spain, Luxembourg, Belgium, Croatia, Netherlands, Algeria, Liechtenstein, Tunisia, Austria, Gibraltar, Malta, Germany, Libya, Slovenia, Andorra, United Kingdom, Monaco (395ce-476ce) |
|
Visigothic Kingdom
|
410ce |
711ce |
France, Portugal, Spain (410ce-711ce) |
|
Vandal Kingdom
|
425ce |
533ce |
Libya, Algeria, Tunisia (425ce-533ce), France, Italy (455ce-533ce) |
|
Frankish Empire
|
481ce |
843ce |
France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg (481ce-843ce), Switzerland (531ce-843ce), Liechtenstein (537ce-843ce), Monaco (760ce-843ce), Austria, Spain, Germany, Italy (768ce-843ce), Andorra (803ce-843ce) |
|
Ghana Empire
|
500ce |
1150ce |
Mauritania, Mali (500ce-1150ce) |
|
Liang Dynasty
|
502ce |
557ce |
Vietnam, China (502ce-557ce) |
|
Göktürk Khaganate
|
552ce |
744ce |
Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Russia, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, China (552ce-744ce) |
|
Avar Khaganate
|
568ce |
796ce |
Croatia, Poland, Hungary, Slovenia, Ukraine, Slovak Republic, Romania, Austria, Bulgaria (568ce-796ce) |
|
Sui Dynasty
|
581ce |
618ce |
Vietnam, China (581ce-618ce) |
|
Tang Dynasty
|
618ce |
907ce |
Kazakhstan, Russia, Hong Kong, North Korea, China, Vietnam, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia, Tajikistan (618ce-907ce) |
|
Tibetan Empire
|
618ce |
842ce |
Afghanistan, India, Tajikistan, China, Pakistan, Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Kazakhstan (618ce-842ce) |
|
Rashidun Caliphate
|
632ce |
661ce |
Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Oman, United Arab Emirates (632ce-661ce), Iraq, Jordan (634ce-661ce), Syria, Turkey (639ce-661ce), Iran, Armenia (643ce-661ce), Israel, Qatar, Uzbekistan, Cyprus, Lebanon, Afghanistan, Palestine, Sudan, Pakistan, Tunisia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Turkmenistan, Italy, Russia, Yemen, Egypt, Libya, Tajikistan (650ce-661ce) |
|
Srivijaya Empire
|
650ce |
1377ce |
Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia (650ce-1377ce) |
|
Khazar Khaganate
|
650ce |
969ce |
Ukraine, Russia (650ce-969ce), Kazakhstan (850ce-969ce) |
|
Umayyad Caliphate
|
661ce |
750ce |
Cyprus, Greece, Somalia, Western Sahara, Jordan, Pakistan, Bahrain, Turkmenistan, Gibraltar, Libya, Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, Eritrea, Yemen, Israel, Oman, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Lebanon, Russia, Egypt, Uzbekistan, Iraq, Niger, Armenia, Chad, Kuwait, Qatar, Turkey, Iran, Mauritania, United Arab Emirates, Syria (661ce-750ce), Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria (683ce-750ce), Spain, Portugal, Andorra, France (711ce-750ce), Kazakhstan, Tajikistan (713ce-750ce) |
|
First Bulgarian Empire
|
681ce |
1018ce |
Bulgaria, Moldova, Ukraine, Turkey, Romania (681ce-1018ce), Hungary, Croatia (836ce-1018ce), Greece, North Macedonia (889ce-1018ce) |
|
Republic of Venice
|
697ce |
1797ce |
Slovenia, Croatia, Italy (697ce-1797ce), Montenegro (1420ce-1797ce), Albania, Greece (1489ce-1797ce), Cyprus (1489ce-1570ce) |
|
Balhae
|
698ce |
926ce |
Russia, North Korea, China (698ce-926ce) |
|
Kanem Empire
|
700ce |
1387ce |
Cameroon, Chad, Nigeria, Niger, Libya (700ce-1387ce) |
|
Vikings
|
700ce |
1263ce |
Denmark, Norway, Sweden (700ce-1066ce), Iceland (825ce-1100ce), Ireland (840ce-1171ce), Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Germany, Moldova (850ce-1000ce), Belgium, Russia (859ce-1000ce), United Kingdom (865ce-1263ce), Ukraine (880ce-1000ce), France (911ce-1100ce) |
|
Uyghur Khaganate
|
744ce |
840ce |
Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, China, Tajikistan, Russia, Mongolia (744ce-840ce) |
|
Abbasid Empire
|
750ce |
1258ce |
Syria, Eritrea, Oman, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, Libya, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Iraq, Russia, Kazakhstan, Bahrain, Lebanon, Turkmenistan, Iran, Qatar, Tunisia, Afghanistan, Italy, Kuwait, Turkey, Georgia, Pakistan, Algeria, Armenia, Jordan (750ce-1258ce), Egypt (750ce-909ce) |
|
Pala Empire
|
750ce |
1150ce |
India, Bangladesh (750ce-1150ce) |
|
Holy Roman Empire
|
800ce |
1806ce |
Germany, Slovenia, Liechtenstein, Czech Republic, Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Luxembourg (800ce-1806ce), Switzerland (800ce-1649ce), Croatia (800ce-963ce), Italy (962ce-1806ce), Monaco (1032ce-1220ce), France (1033ce-1806ce), Cyprus (1197ce-1247ce), Poland (1500ce-1806ce) |
|
Khmer Empire
|
802ce |
1431ce |
Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand (802ce-1431ce) |
|
Samanid Dynasty
|
819ce |
999ce |
Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Turkmenistan (819ce-999ce) |
|
Tahirid Dynasty
|
821ce |
873ce |
Turkmenistan, India, Tajikistan, China, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Uzbekistan, Iran (821ce-873ce) |
|
Great Moravian Empire
|
833ce |
906ce |
Czech Republic, Slovak Republic (833ce-906ce), Poland, Hungary (877ce-894ce) |
|
Chola Dynasty
|
850ce |
1279ce |
India (850ce-1279ce), Indonesia, Thailand (925ce-1279ce), Sri Lanka (996ce-1279ce), Maldives (1014ce-1279ce), Bangladesh (1016ce-1279ce), Malaysia, Singapore (1023ce-1279ce) |
|
Saffarid Dynasty
|
861ce |
1003ce |
Afghanistan, Iraq, Uzbekistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, India, Tajikistan, China, Pakistan (861ce-1003ce) |
|
Kievan Rus
|
882ce |
1240ce |
Estonia, Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Latvia, Lithuania (882ce-1240ce) |
|
Liao Dynasty
|
907ce |
1125ce |
Mongolia, Kazakhstan, China, Russia, North Korea (907ce-1125ce) |
|
Fatimid Caliphate
|
909ce |
1171ce |
Libya, Tunisia, Algeria (909ce-1100ce), Morocco (920ce-987ce), Malta, Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia (969ce-1171ce), Lebanon, Syria, Italy (969ce-1100ce) |
|
Goryeo
|
918ce |
1392ce |
North Korea, South Korea (918ce-1392ce) |
|
Caliphate of Córdoba
|
929ce |
1031ce |
Spain, Andorra, Portugal, Morocco, Gibraltar (929ce-1031ce) |
|
Buyid Dynasty
|
945ce |
1055ce |
Iran, Turkey, Kuwait, Iraq (945ce-1055ce), Oman (977ce-1055ce) |
|
Tui Tonga Empire
|
950ce |
1865ce |
Tonga, Cook Islands, Solomon Islands, Nauru, Samoa, Niue, Tuvalu, Fiji (950ce-1865ce) |
|
KaraKhanid Khanate
|
955ce |
1212ce |
Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, China, Uzbekistan (955ce-1212ce) |
|
Song Dynasty
|
960ce |
1279ce |
Hong Kong, China (960ce-1279ce) |
|
Ghaznavid Dynasty
|
977ce |
1186ce |
Turkmenistan, India, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran (977ce-1186ce) |
|
Scandinavian Empire
|
1016ce |
1035ce |
Sweden, United Kingdom, Norway, Denmark (1016ce-1035ce) |
|
Great Seljuq Empire
|
1037ce |
1194ce |
Jordan, Turkmenistan, Egypt, Oman, Israel, Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Lebanon, Yemen, Iraq, Syria, Armenia, Kuwait, Uzbekistan, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Georgia, Russia (1037ce-1194ce) |
|
Western Xia Dynasty
|
1038ce |
1227ce |
Mongolia, China (1038ce-1227ce) |
|
Almoravid Dynasty
|
1040ce |
1147ce |
Portugal, Western Sahara, Mauritania, Algeria, Gibraltar (1040ce-1147ce), Spain, Morocco (1056ce-1147ce) |
|
Uyunid dynasty
|
1076ce |
1253ce |
Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Bahrain (1076ce-1253ce) |
|
Khwarezmid Dynasty
|
1077ce |
1231ce |
Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Pakistan, Armenia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Turkey, Iran, Turkmenistan, Georgia (1077ce-1231ce) |
|
Mossi Empire
|
1100ce |
1896ce |
Ghana, Burkina Faso (1100ce-1896ce) |
|
Kara-Khitan Khanate
|
1124ce |
1218ce |
Kyrgyz Republic, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Russia, Tajikistan, China, Mongolia (1124ce-1218ce) |
|
Almohad Dynasty
|
1130ce |
1269ce |
Morocco, Algeria (1130ce-1269ce), Gibraltar, Spain (1145ce-1269ce), Portugal (1148ce-1269ce), Western Sahara, Libya, Tunisia (1152ce-1269ce) |
|
Ethiopian Empire
|
1137ce |
1974ce |
Eritrea, Ethiopia (1137ce-1974ce) |
|
Ghurid Dynasty
|
1150ce |
1215ce |
Iran, India, Uzbekistan, Bangladesh, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan (1150ce-1215ce) |
|
Plantagenet Empire
|
1154ce |
1204ce |
France, United Kingdom (1154ce-1204ce), Ireland (1166ce-1204ce) |
|
Ayyubid Dynasty
|
1171ce |
1260ce |
Saudi Arabia, Israel, Palestine, Iraq, Tunisia, Libya, Syria, Lebanon, Sudan, Jordan, Yemen (1171ce-1260ce), Egypt (1171ce-1250ce), Turkey (1179ce-1260ce) |
|
Second Bulgarian Empire
|
1185ce |
1396ce |
Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Bulgaria (1185ce-1396ce), North Macedonia, Greece, Turkey (1230ce-1396ce), Albania (1230ce-1240ce) |
|
Empire of Trebizond
|
1204ce |
1461ce |
Ukraine, Turkey, Georgia (1204ce-1461ce) |
|
Latin Empire
|
1204ce |
1261ce |
Bulgaria, Turkey, Greece (1204ce-1261ce) |
|
Delhi Sultanate
|
1206ce |
1526ce |
Nepal, India (1206ce-1526ce), Bangladesh (1206ce-1316ce) |
|
Mongol Empire
|
1206ce |
1368ce |
Mongolia, China, Russia (1206ce-1294ce), Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, North Korea (1219ce-1294ce), Uzbekistan (1220ce-1368ce), Turkmenistan (1223ce-1294ce), Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, India (1227ce-1294ce), Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan (1237ce-1294ce), Croatia (1241ce-1368ce), Hungary, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Poland, Lithuania, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Czech Republic (1258ce-1368ce), Syria, Iraq, Bangladesh (1259ce-1294ce), South Korea (1259ce-1259ce), Romania, Myanmar, Thailand, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Turkey, Laos, Vietnam (1279ce-1294ce) |
|
Danish Colonial Empire
|
1219ce |
1953ce |
Denmark (1219ce-1953ce), Estonia (1219ce-1227ce), Iceland (1380ce-1944ce), Norway (1380ce-1814ce), Sweden (1398ce-1523ce), India (1620ce-1825ce), Ghana (1658ce-1850ce), United States (1754ce-1917ce) |
|
Mali Empire
|
1235ce |
1650ce |
Mauritania, Mali, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea (1235ce-1650ce), Senegal (1235ce-1600ce), Niger (1235ce-1500ce) |
|
Ajuran Sultanate
|
1250ce |
1650ce |
Ethiopia, Somalia (1250ce-1650ce) |
|
Mamluk Sultanate
|
1250ce |
1517ce |
Jordan, Syria, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Libya, Turkey (1250ce-1517ce), Lebanon (1287ce-1517ce) |
|
Angevin Empire
|
1266ce |
1435ce |
France, Italy (1266ce-1435ce), Albania (1277ce-1368ce), Greece (1350ce-1435ce) |
|
Yuan Dynasty
|
1271ce |
1368ce |
Russia, South Korea, China, Mongolia (1271ce-1368ce), Myanmar (1277ce-1368ce), Laos, Bhutan (1280ce-1368ce), North Korea (1295ce-1368ce) |
|
Ifat Sultanate
|
1285ce |
1415ce |
Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti (1285ce-1415ce) |
|
Khilji Dynasty
|
1290ce |
1320ce |
Afghanistan, Pakistan, India (1290ce-1320ce) |
|
Majapahit Empire
|
1293ce |
1527ce |
Malaysia, Indonesia (1293ce-1527ce) |
|
Golden Horde
|
1294ce |
1502ce |
Moldova, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Russia, Belarus, Romania (1295ce-1502ce), Bulgaria, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan (1295ce-1456ce) |
|
Chagatai Khanate
|
1295ce |
1363ce |
Kazakhstan (1227ce-1363ce), India, Pakistan, China, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyz Republic, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan (1295ce-1363ce) |
|
Ilkhanate
|
1295ce |
1335ce |
Tajikistan, Georgia, Syria, Azerbaijan, Pakistan, Turkey, Armenia, Iraq, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Iran (1295ce-1335ce) |
|
Ottoman Empire
|
1299ce |
1922ce |
Turkey (1299ce-1922ce), Greece (1389ce-1922ce), Bulgaria (1389ce-1913ce), North Macedonia (1391ce-1922ce), Albania (1417ce-1912ce), Serbia (1451ce-1922ce), Montenegro (1477ce-1799ce), Ukraine, Georgia (1481ce-1922ce), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1481ce-1908ce), Russia (1481ce-1815ce), Croatia (1481ce-1700ce), Syria, Israel, Palestine, Lebanon (1516ce-1922ce), Jordan, Azerbaijan (1516ce-1920ce), Armenia (1517ce-1918ce), Egypt (1517ce-1914ce), Bahrain, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Djibouti (1520ce-1922ce), Libya (1521ce-1912ce), Iraq (1534ce-1919ce), Kuwait (1534ce-1914ce), Algeria (1536ce-1900ce), Yemen (1538ce-1839ce), Oman (1539ce-1829ce), Romania (1541ce-1877ce), Moldova (1541ce-1812ce), Hungary (1541ce-1699ce), Qatar (1550ce-1670ce), Eritrea (1557ce-1882ce), Cyprus (1570ce-1914ce), Tunisia (1574ce-1881ce), Iran (1585ce-1603ce), United Arab Emirates (1683ce-1922ce), Somalia (1683ce-1912ce), Sudan (1821ce-1885ce) |
|
Oyo Empire
|
1300ce |
1800ce |
Benin, Togo, Nigeria (1300ce-1800ce) |
|
Serbian Empire
|
1346ce |
1371ce |
Albania, Croatia, Montenegro, Greece, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, North Macedonia (1346ce-1371ce) |
|
Bruneian Empire
|
1368ce |
1888ce |
Brunei (1368ce-1888ce), Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia (1550ce-1888ce) |
|
Ming Dynasty
|
1368ce |
1644ce |
Laos, China, Vietnam (1368ce-1644ce), North Korea, Russia (1500ce-1644ce) |
|
Northern Yuan Dynasty
|
1368ce |
1635ce |
Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, China (1368ce-1635ce) |
|
Timurid Empire
|
1370ce |
1507ce |
Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan (1370ce-1507ce), Iran (1379ce-1405ce), India, Kuwait, Georgia, Syria, Kazakhstan, China, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Russia, Armenia, Pakistan (1406ce-1507ce) |
|
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
|
1385ce |
1795ce |
Poland (1385ce-1795ce), Latvia, Belarus, Lithuania, Ukraine (1569ce-1795ce) |
|
Borno Empire
|
1387ce |
1893ce |
Nigeria (1387ce-1893ce), Niger, Cameroon (1500ce-1893ce), Chad (1580ce-1893ce) |
|
Joseon Empire
|
1392ce |
1910ce |
South Korea, North Korea (1392ce-1910ce) |
|
Portuguese Empire
|
1415ce |
2002ce |
Portugal (1415ce-2002ce), Morocco (1415ce-1769ce), Ghana (1482ce-1642ce), Cape Verde (1495ce-1975ce), Mozambique (1498ce-1975ce), Brazil (1500ce-1822ce), India (1503ce-1962ce), Macau (1557ce-1999ce), Maldives (1558ce-1573ce), Angola (1575ce-1975ce), Sri Lanka (1597ce-1658ce) |
|
Later Lê dynasty
|
1428ce |
1788ce |
Vietnam, Laos (1428ce-1788ce) |
|
Inca Empire Tawantinsuyo
|
1438ce |
1533ce |
Peru (1438ce-1533ce), Ecuador (1471ce-1533ce), Bolivia, Argentina, Chile (1494ce-1533ce), Colombia (1525ce-1533ce) |
|
Spanish Empire
|
1462ce |
1975ce |
Spain (1462ce-1975ce), Gibraltar (1462ce-1704ce), Cuba (1492ce-1899ce), Dominican Republic (1492ce-1865ce), Haiti (1492ce-1625ce), Bahamas (1492ce-1565ce), Puerto Rico (1493ce-1897ce), Jamaica (1494ce-1670ce), Venezuela (1498ce-1830ce), Aruba (1499ce-1636ce), Uruguay (1500ce-1817ce), Honduras (1502ce-1824ce), Costa Rica, Panama (1502ce-1821ce), Colombia (1509ce-1819ce), Algeria (1510ce-1541ce), United States (1511ce-1898ce), Mexico (1518ce-1823ce), Philippines (1521ce-1946ce), Trinidad and Tobago (1521ce-1731ce), Nicaragua (1522ce-1821ce), Guatemala, El Salvador (1524ce-1821ce), Belize (1524ce-1798ce), Peru (1532ce-1821ce), Bolivia (1532ce-1809ce), Ecuador (1534ce-1835ce), Paraguay (1534ce-1811ce), Argentina (1536ce-1832ce), Chile (1541ce-1824ce), Guam (1565ce-1817ce), Angola (1580ce-1640ce), Suriname (1593ce-1629ce), Palau (1710ce-1899ce), Equatorial Guinea (1778ce-1968ce), Western Sahara (1884ce-1975ce), Morocco (1912ce-1956ce) |
|
Songhai Empire
|
1464ce |
1591ce |
Mauritania, Benin, Mali, Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria, Guinea, Niger, Burkina Faso (1464ce-1591ce) |
|
Shibanid Empire
|
1500ce |
1598ce |
Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan (1500ce-1598ce) |
|
Safavid Dynasty
|
1501ce |
1736ce |
Russia, Georgia, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Kuwait, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, Iran (1501ce-1736ce) |
|
Mughal Empire
|
1504ce |
1858ce |
Afghanistan (1504ce-1747ce), India (1526ce-1858ce), Pakistan (1526ce-1750ce), Bangladesh (1576ce-1765ce) |
|
Aceh Sultanate
|
1528ce |
1903ce |
Indonesia, Brunei (1528ce-1903ce) |
|
Johor-Riau Empire
|
1528ce |
1855ce |
Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia (1528ce-1855ce) |
|
French colonial empires
|
1534ce |
2007ce |
France (1534ce-2007ce), Canada (1534ce-1763ce), Saint Kitts and Nevis (1624ce-1783ce), Haiti (1627ce-1804ce), United States (1660ce-1803ce), Senegal (1677ce-1960ce), India (1692ce-1954ce), Mauritius (1721ce-1810ce), Seychelles (1756ce-1810ce), Dominican Republic (1795ce-1809ce), Malta (1798ce-1798ce), Algeria (1830ce-1962ce), Gabon (1839ce-1960ce), Cote d'Ivoire (1843ce-1960ce), China (1849ce-1949ce), New Caledonia (1853ce-1999ce), Vietnam (1858ce-1954ce), Djibouti (1862ce-1977ce), Cambodia (1863ce-1953ce), Comoros (1866ce-1975ce), Congo (1875ce-1960ce), Mali (1880ce-1960ce), Tunisia (1881ce-1957ce), Vanuatu (1887ce-1980ce), Guinea, Central African Republic (1891ce-1958ce), Laos (1893ce-1953ce), Madagascar, Burkina Faso (1896ce-1960ce), Chad (1900ce-1960ce), Mauritania (1902ce-1960ce), Benin (1904ce-1958ce), Morocco (1912ce-1956ce), Cameroon (1914ce-1960ce), Togo (1916ce-1960ce), Syria (1920ce-1946ce), Lebanon (1920ce-1943ce), Niger (1922ce-1958ce), Libya (1943ce-1951ce) |
|
Kaabu Empire
|
1537ce |
1867ce |
Senegal, Guinea-Bissau (1537ce-1867ce) |
|
Maravi Empire
|
1575ce |
1750ce |
Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia (1575ce-1750ce) |
|
British Empire
|
1583ce |
2002ce |
United Kingdom (1583ce-1997ce), United States (1607ce-1776ce), Bermuda (1612ce-1997ce), Saint Kitts and Nevis (1623ce-1983ce), Barbados (1624ce-1966ce), Haiti (1631ce-1659ce), Antigua and Barbuda (1632ce-1981ce), Jamaica (1655ce-1962ce), Gambia (1664ce-1965ce), Belize (1665ce-1981ce), India (1665ce-1947ce), Bahamas (1666ce-1973ce), Canada (1668ce-1867ce), Cayman Islands (1670ce-2002ce), Gibraltar (1704ce-2002ce), Pakistan (1748ce-1947ce), Grenada (1762ce-1974ce), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1763ce-1979ce), Bangladesh (1765ce-1971ce), Falkland Islands (1766ce-2002ce), Samoa (1768ce-1962ce), Turkmenistan (1783ce-1997ce), Sierra Leone (1787ce-1961ce), Australia (1788ce-1901ce), Seychelles (1794ce-1976ce), Sri Lanka (1795ce-1948ce), Maldives (1796ce-1965ce), Namibia (1797ce-1990ce), South Africa (1797ce-1910ce), Oman (1798ce-1971ce), Malta (1800ce-1964ce), Ireland (1801ce-1919ce), Trinidad and Tobago (1802ce-1962ce), Argentina (1806ce-1825ce), Mauritius (1810ce-1968ce), Guyana, French Guiana (1814ce-1966ce), Malaysia (1819ce-1957ce), Ghana (1821ce-1957ce), Singapore (1824ce-1963ce), Myanmar (1824ce-1948ce), Yemen (1839ce-1967ce), Afghanistan (1839ce-1919ce), New Zealand (1840ce-1907ce), Hong Kong (1841ce-1997ce), Nigeria (1861ce-1960ce), Bhutan (1865ce-1935ce), Lesotho (1868ce-1966ce), Fiji (1874ce-1970ce), Bahrain (1880ce-1971ce), Papua New Guinea (1884ce-1906ce), Botswana (1885ce-1966ce), Somalia (1887ce-1960ce), Brunei (1888ce-1984ce), Kenya (1888ce-1963ce), Malawi (1889ce-1964ce), Uganda (1890ce-1962ce), United Arab Emirates (1892ce-1971ce), Solomon Islands (1893ce-1978ce), Kuwait (1899ce-1961ce), South Sudan, Sudan (1899ce-1956ce), Tonga (1900ce-1970ce), Swaziland (1903ce-1968ce), Nauru (1914ce-1968ce), Cameroon (1914ce-1961ce), Cyprus (1914ce-1960ce), Egypt (1914ce-1922ce), Kiribati (1916ce-1979ce), Qatar (1916ce-1971ce), Togo (1916ce-1956ce), Tanzania (1919ce-1961ce), Israel (1920ce-1948ce), Iraq (1920ce-1932ce), Zimbabwe (1923ce-1980ce), Zambia (1924ce-1964ce), Eritrea (1941ce-1993ce) |
|
Dutch Empire
|
1602ce |
1975ce |
Netherlands (1598ce-1975ce), Ghana (1598ce-1872ce), Indonesia (1602ce-1962ce), United States (1614ce-1664ce), Guyana (1630ce-1815ce), Brazil (1630ce-1654ce), Aruba (1636ce-1973ce), Mauritius (1638ce-1710ce), Sri Lanka (1639ce-1795ce), Singapore (1641ce-1825ce), Angola (1641ce-1648ce), Maldives (1645ce-1796ce), Malaysia (1650ce-1824ce), South Africa (1652ce-1814ce), India (1654ce-1825ce), Suriname (1667ce-1975ce) |
|
Swedish Empire
|
1611ce |
1721ce |
Estonia, Sweden, Russia, Finland (1611ce-1721ce), Latvia (1629ce-1721ce), Denmark (1645ce-1721ce), Togo, Ghana, Germany, United Kingdom, Poland, United States (1648ce-1721ce), Norway (1658ce-1719ce) |
|
Qing Dynasty
|
1637ce |
1912ce |
South Korea (1637ce-1895ce), Pakistan, China, Mongolia, Bhutan, Tajikistan, Myanmar, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Russia, Kazakhstan, North Korea, India (1644ce-1912ce) |
|
Omani Empire
|
1650ce |
1970ce |
Oman (1650ce-1970ce), Pakistan (1650ce-1958ce), Somalia, Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania (1650ce-1856ce), United Arab Emirates, Yemen (1650ce-1820ce) |
|
Maratha Empire
|
1674ce |
1818ce |
Pakistan, India (1674ce-1818ce) |
|
Hotaki Dynasty
|
1709ce |
1738ce |
Tajikistan, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan (1709ce-1738ce) |
|
Kong Empire
|
1710ce |
1898ce |
Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire (1710ce-1898ce) |
|
Russian Empire Romanov
|
1721ce |
1917ce |
China, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Sweden, Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine, Russia, Azerbaijan, Latvia, Turkey, Finland, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan (1721ce-1917ce), Lithuania (1772ce-1917ce), Romania, Poland (1801ce-1917ce), Georgia (1812ce-1917ce), Iran (1826ce-1917ce), Kyrgyz Republic (1864ce-1917ce) |
|
Afsharid Dynasty
|
1736ce |
1796ce |
Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Bahrain, Iraq, Pakistan, Iran, Armenia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait (1736ce-1796ce), India (1738ce-1796ce), Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (1740ce-1796ce), Azerbaijan, Turkey, Turkmenistan (1741ce-1796ce), Georgia, Oman (1742ce-1796ce), Russia (1743ce-1796ce) |
|
Durrani Empire
|
1747ce |
1818ce |
Afghanistan (1747ce-1818ce), Iran (1747ce-1800ce), Pakistan (1749ce-1818ce), India (1757ce-1800ce) |
|
Zand Dynasty
|
1750ce |
1794ce |
Azerbaijan, Russia, Armenia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran (1750ce-1794ce) |
|
Futa Toro
|
1776ce |
1871ce |
Mauritania, Senegal (1776ce-1871ce) |
|
Kingdom of Siam
|
1782ce |
1932ce |
Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar (1782ce-1932ce) |
|
Qajar Dynasty
|
1789ce |
1925ce |
Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Bahrain, Pakistan, Iraq, Turkey, Iran (1789ce-1925ce), Georgia, Armenia (1794ce-1828ce), Russia, Azerbaijan (1794ce-1813ce) |
|
Sikh Empire
|
1799ce |
1849ce |
China, Pakistan, India (1799ce-1849ce) |
|
Lozi Empire
|
1800ce |
1890ce |
Zambia, Botswana, Angola, Namibia (1800ce-1890ce) |
|
Nguyen Dynasty
|
1802ce |
1945ce |
Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, China (1802ce-1945ce) |
|
Fulani Empire (Sokoto)
|
1804ce |
1903ce |
Niger, Cameroon, Nigeria, Burkina Faso (1804ce-1903ce) |
|
Austrian Empire
|
1804ce |
1867ce |
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Austria, Slovak Republic, Romania, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Italy (1804ce-1867ce), Slovenia (1813ce-1867ce), Croatia (1814ce-1867ce), Albania (1816ce-1818ce) |
|
First Mexican Empire
|
1821ce |
1823ce |
Nicaragua, Belize, Mexico, Honduras, United States, El Salvador (1821ce-1823ce), Costa Rica, Guatemala (1822ce-1823ce) |
|
Empire of Brazil
|
1822ce |
1889ce |
Uruguay, Brazil (1822ce-1889ce) |
|
Belgian Colonial Empire
|
1843ce |
1962ce |
Belgium (1843ce-1960ce), Guatemala (1843ce-1854ce), Democratic Republic of the Congo (1885ce-1960ce), China (1900ce-1931ce), Tanzania (1916ce-1919ce), Italy (1919ce-1920ce), Burundi, Rwanda (1922ce-1962ce) |
|
AustroHungarian Empire
|
1867ce |
1918ce |
Italy, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Hungary, Romania, Croatia, Austria, Poland, France, Montenegro, Ukraine, Liechtenstein, Germany, Serbia, Slovenia (1867ce-1918ce), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1908ce-1918ce) |
|
Empire of Japan
|
1868ce |
1947ce |
Japan (1868ce-1947ce), China, South Korea, Russia, North Korea (1905ce-1945ce), Laos, Vietnam (1940ce-1945ce), Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Marshall Islands, Solomon Islands, Palau, Cambodia, Singapore, Philippines, Malaysia, Myanmar (1942ce-1945ce) |
|
Italian Colonial Empire
|
1869ce |
1947ce |
Italy (1869ce-1943ce), Eritrea (1885ce-1941ce), Somalia (1889ce-1941ce), Libya, Greece (1912ce-1947ce), Ethiopia (1936ce-1941ce), Albania (1939ce-1947ce) |
|
German Empire
|
1871ce |
1918ce |
Belgium, Russia, France, Poland, Denmark, Netherlands, Germany, Czech Republic, Lithuania (1871ce-1918ce), Samoa, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Namibia, Palau, Papua New Guinea (1884ce-1918ce), Cameroon (1884ce-1916ce), Solomon Islands (1885ce-1899ce), Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania (1890ce-1918ce), Togo (1905ce-1914ce) |
|
Korean Empire
|
1897ce |
1910ce |
South Korea, North Korea (1897ce-1910ce) |
|
Third Reich
|
1933ce |
1945ce |
Germany (1933ce-1945ce), Austria, Slovenia, Czech Republic (1938ce-1945ce), Lithuania, Poland (1939ce-1945ce), Belgium, Romania, Hungary, France, Netherlands (1940ce-1945ce), Serbia, Russia, Montenegro, Greece (1941ce-1945ce) |