|
Elam
|
2500bce |
539bce |
Iraq, Iran (2500bce-539bce) |
|
Akkadian Empire
|
2350bce |
2150bce |
Iraq (2350bce-2150bce), Kuwait, Saudi Arabia (2271bce-2150bce), Jordan, Turkey, Syria, Iran (2248bce-2150bce) |
|
Neo-Sumerian (Ur III) Empire
|
2112bce |
2004bce |
Lebanon, Syria, Iran, Iraq (2112bce-2004bce) |
|
Hittite Empire
|
1600bce |
1178bce |
Syria, Lebanon, Turkey (1600bce-1178bce) |
|
Egyptian Empire
|
1552bce |
1069bce |
Jordan, Sudan, Israel, Palestine, Egypt, Libya, Lebanon, Syria (1552bce-1069bce) |
|
Mittani Empire
|
1475bce |
1275bce |
Syria, Iraq, Turkey (1475bce-1275bce) |
|
Middle Assyrian Empire
|
1350bce |
1200bce |
Iraq, Turkey, Syria (1350bce-1200bce) |
|
NeoAssyrian Empire
|
911bce |
609bce |
Iraq, Iran, Turkey, Syria (911bce-609bce), Lebanon (737bce-609bce), Israel, Armenia (712bce-609bce), Palestine, Kuwait, Egypt, Jordan, Cyprus, Saudi Arabia (671bce-609bce) |
|
Kingdom of Kush
|
890bce |
350bce |
Egypt, Sudan (890bce-350bce) |
|
Urartu Kingdom
|
860bce |
590bce |
Armenia, Iran, Turkey (860bce-590bce) |
|
Macedonian Empire
|
808bce |
148bce |
Greece, Bulgaria, North Macedonia (808bce-148bce), Albania (336bce-148bce), Moldova, Romania, Turkey (334bce-200bce), Cyprus (333bce-316bce), Iraq, Syria, Kuwait, Egypt, Israel (331bce-200bce), Lebanon (331bce-301bce), Iran (331bce-312bce), Afghanistan, Turkmenistan (330bce-200bce), Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan (327bce-200bce), India (327bce-323bce) |
|
Roman Empire
|
800bce |
395ce |
Italy (800bce-395ce), Monaco (237bce-395ce), Malta (218bce-395ce), Spain (209bce-395ce), Portugal (206bce-395ce), Albania (146bce-395ce), San Marino, Turkey, Greece, Tunisia (133bce-395ce), North Macedonia, Lebanon (64bce-395ce), Israel (63bce-395ce), Gibraltar, Luxembourg, Romania, Jordan, Moldova, Germany, Libya, France, Cyprus, Netherlands, Switzerland, Morocco (44bce-395ce), Egypt (30bce-395ce), Syria, Palestine, Croatia (27bce-395ce), Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Andorra (14bce-395ce), Hungary (9bce-395ce), Algeria, Bulgaria, Belgium (14ce-395ce), Liechtenstein (15ce-395ce), Georgia, Armenia, United Kingdom, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Russia (100ce-395ce), Kuwait, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq (115ce-395ce) |
|
Median Empire
|
678bce |
550bce |
Iran, Armenia, Turkey, Iraq (678bce-550bce), Azerbaijan (648bce-550bce) |
|
NeoBabylonian Empire
|
626bce |
539bce |
Iraq (626bce-539bce), Iran, Kuwait (614bce-539bce), Turkey, Syria, Israel (612bce-539bce), Lebanon (605bce-539bce), Egypt, Jordan, Cyprus, Saudi Arabia, Palestine (599bce-539bce) |
|
Carthaginian Empire
|
550bce |
201bce |
Tunisia (650bce-146bce), Libya, Algeria, Gibraltar (650bce-201bce), Spain (650bce-206bce), Italy, France, Malta (650bce-218bce) |
|
Pandyan Empire
|
550bce |
1550ce |
India, Sri Lanka (550bce-1550ce) |
|
Achaemenid Empire
|
550bce |
330bce |
Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Armenia, Georgia (550bce-331bce), Cyprus (545bce-333bce), Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Pakistan, Syria (539bce-331bce), Israel (539bce-332bce), Oman (530bce-330bce), Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Palestine, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kuwait (530bce-331bce), Libya (525bce-331bce), Egypt (525bce-404bce), India (518bce-330bce), Ukraine, Russia, Moldova (513bce-331bce), North Macedonia (512bce-330bce), Greece, Bulgaria (512bce-479bce), Romania (410bce-331bce) |
|
Delian League
|
478bce |
404bce |
Turkey, Greece (478bce-404bce) |
|
Nanda Empire
|
344bce |
324bce |
Nepal, India, Bangladesh (344bce-324bce) |
|
Armenian Empire
|
331bce |
428ce |
Armenia (331bce-428ce), Iraq, Syria, Iran, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkey (300bce-428ce), Palestine, Lebanon, Israel (95bce-428ce) |
|
Mauryan Empire
|
326bce |
184bce |
India, Nepal (326bce-184bce), Bangladesh, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran (305bce-184bce) |
|
Seleucid Empire
|
312bce |
64bce |
Turkey, Syria (312bce-64bce), Saudi Arabia, Kazakhstan, Palestine, Iraq, Kuwait (312bce-141bce), Greece (312bce-190bce), Iran (312bce-247bce), Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan (312bce-256bce), Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia (312bce-275bce), Pakistan (307bce-141bce), India (307bce-256bce), Israel (301bce-110bce), Jordan (301bce-141bce), Lebanon (198bce-64bce), Cyprus (170bce-168bce) |
|
Ptolemaic Empire
|
305bce |
30bce |
Egypt, Libya (305bce-30bce), Israel (301bce-30bce), Lebanon (301bce-198bce), Cyprus (294bce-58bce), Turkey, Jordan, Syria, Palestine, Greece (275bce-133bce) |
|
Pontic Empire
|
302bce |
62ce |
Turkey (302bce-62ce), Greece, Ukraine, Georgia, Bulgaria, Russia, Romania (129bce-62ce) |
|
Parthian Empire
|
247bce |
224ce |
Iran (247bce-224ce), Turkmenistan (235bce-224ce), Kuwait, Azerbaijan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Georgia, Turkey, Pakistan, Bahrain (141bce-224ce), Israel (40bce-37bce), Armenia, Afghanistan (63ce-224ce), Iraq (141ce-224ce) |
|
Hsuing-nu Empire
|
209bce |
51bce |
China, Tajikistan, Mongolia, Russia (209bce-51bce) |
|
Han Dynasty
|
206bce |
220ce |
South Korea, China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia (206bce-220ce) |
|
Shunga Empire
|
185bce |
75bce |
Nepal, India, Bangladesh (185bce-75bce) |
|
Nabataean Kingdom
|
168bce |
106ce |
Israel, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Palestine, Jordan (168bce-106ce) |
|
Silla Kingdom
|
57bce |
935ce |
North Korea, South Korea (57bce-935ce) |
|
Goguryeo
|
37bce |
668ce |
Russia, North Korea, China (37bce-668ce), South Korea (391ce-668ce) |
|
Kingdom of Funan
|
1ce |
500ce |
Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam (1ce-500ce) |
|
Kushan Empire
|
30ce |
375ce |
Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Uzbekistan, China, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan (30ce-375ce), India (130ce-375ce) |
|
Aksumite Empire
|
100ce |
960ce |
Djibouti, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea (100ce-960ce), Yemen (100ce-480ce), Somalia (230ce-960ce) |
|
Eastern Wu
|
220ce |
280ce |
Vietnam, China (220ce-280ce) |
|
Wei Empire
|
220ce |
265ce |
North Korea, China (220ce-265ce) |
|
Qin Dynasty
|
221ce |
206ce |
Vietnam, China (221bce-206bce) |
|
Sassanid Dynasty
|
224ce |
651ce |
Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, Uzbekistan (224ce-651ce), Georgia, Iraq, Azerbaijan, Armenia (224ce-643ce), Syria, Turkey (224ce-639ce), Kazakhstan, India (480ce-651ce), Russia (480ce-643ce), Kuwait (480ce-639ce), Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Oman (531ce-639ce), Tajikistan (570ce-651ce), Yemen (570ce-628ce), Israel (614ce-628ce), Qatar (621ce-639ce), Jordan, Libya, Egypt, Lebanon, Palestine (621ce-628ce) |
|
Gallic Empire
|
260ce |
274ce |
Portugal, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Belgium, France, Spain (260ce-274ce) |
|
Jin Dynasty 265--420
|
265ce |
420ce |
Vietnam, Mongolia, China (265ce-420ce) |
|
Palmyrene Empire
|
270ce |
273ce |
Egypt, Lebanon, Turkey, Jordan, Syria, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Palestine (270ce-273ce) |
|
Gupta Empire
|
319ce |
550ce |
India, Nepal, Bangladesh (319ce-550ce), Pakistan (375ce-550ce) |
|
Rouran Khaganate
|
330ce |
552ce |
Kazakhstan, China, Russia, Mongolia (330ce-552ce) |
|
Hephthalite Empire
|
350ce |
670ce |
Afghanistan (350ce-670ce), Tajikistan, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan (408ce-670ce), China (460ce-670ce), India (467ce-670ce) |
|
Hunnic Empire
|
370ce |
469ce |
Romania, Moldova (370ce-550ce), Kazakhstan, Russia (370ce-469ce), Hungary (375ce-454ce), Ukraine (376ce-550ce), Belarus (376ce-469ce), Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic (408ce-469ce), Austria (408ce-454ce), Poland (420ce-469ce), Germany (420ce-454ce) |
|
Byzantine Empire
|
395ce |
1453ce |
Turkey (395ce-1453ce), Greece (395ce-1350ce), Albania (395ce-1203ce), Cyprus (395ce-1191ce), Bulgaria (395ce-1185ce), North Macedonia (395ce-650ce), Egypt (395ce-641ce), Israel (395ce-637ce), Syria, Libya, Lebanon (476ce-650ce), Bosnia and Herzegovina (535ce-1183ce), Malta (535ce-870ce), Croatia (535ce-810ce), Slovenia (540ce-1204ce), Italy (540ce-1018ce), Algeria, Tunisia (540ce-717ce), France, Portugal, Morocco (540ce-650ce), Spain (552ce-624ce), Monaco (553ce-568ce), Armenia (635ce-697ce) |
|
Western Roman Empire
|
395ce |
476ce |
Hungary, Portugal, Spain, Luxembourg, Belgium, Croatia, Netherlands, Algeria, Liechtenstein, Tunisia, Austria, Gibraltar, Malta, Germany, Libya, Slovenia, Andorra, United Kingdom, Monaco, Switzerland, Italy, San Marino, France, Morocco, Bosnia and Herzegovina (395ce-476ce) |
|
Visigothic Kingdom
|
410ce |
711ce |
France, Portugal, Spain (410ce-711ce) |
|
Vandal Kingdom
|
425ce |
533ce |
Libya, Algeria, Tunisia (425ce-533ce), France, Italy (455ce-533ce) |
|
Frankish Empire
|
481ce |
843ce |
France, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg (481ce-843ce), Switzerland (531ce-843ce), Liechtenstein (537ce-843ce), Monaco (760ce-843ce), Austria, Spain, Italy, Germany (768ce-843ce), Andorra (803ce-843ce) |
|
Ghana Empire
|
500ce |
1150ce |
Mauritania, Mali (500ce-1150ce) |
|
Liang Dynasty
|
502ce |
557ce |
China, Vietnam (502ce-557ce) |
|
Göktürk Khaganate
|
552ce |
744ce |
Russia, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, China, Tajikistan, Afghanistan (552ce-744ce) |
|
Avar Khaganate
|
568ce |
796ce |
Hungary, Slovenia, Ukraine, Slovak Republic, Romania, Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland (568ce-796ce) |
|
Sui Dynasty
|
581ce |
618ce |
Vietnam, China (581ce-618ce) |
|
Tang Dynasty
|
618ce |
907ce |
Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Russia, Hong Kong, North Korea, China, Vietnam, Pakistan (618ce-907ce) |
|
Tibetan Empire
|
618ce |
842ce |
Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, India, Tajikistan, China, Pakistan (618ce-842ce) |
|
Rashidun Caliphate
|
632ce |
661ce |
United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Oman (632ce-661ce), Iraq, Jordan (634ce-661ce), Syria, Turkey (639ce-661ce), Iran, Armenia (643ce-661ce), Tajikistan, Israel, Qatar, Uzbekistan, Cyprus, Lebanon, Afghanistan, Palestine, Sudan, Pakistan, Tunisia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Turkmenistan, Italy, Russia, Yemen, Egypt, Libya (650ce-661ce) |
|
Srivijaya Empire
|
650ce |
1377ce |
Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia (650ce-1377ce) |
|
Khazar Khaganate
|
650ce |
969ce |
Ukraine, Russia (650ce-969ce), Kazakhstan (850ce-969ce) |
|
Umayyad Caliphate
|
661ce |
750ce |
Russia, Egypt, Uzbekistan, Iraq, Niger, Armenia, Chad, Kuwait, Qatar, Turkey, Iran, Mauritania, United Arab Emirates, Syria, Cyprus, Greece, Somalia, Western Sahara, Jordan, Pakistan, Bahrain, Turkmenistan, Gibraltar, Libya, Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, Eritrea, Yemen, Israel, Oman, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Lebanon (661ce-750ce), Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco (683ce-750ce), France, Spain, Portugal, Andorra (711ce-750ce), Kazakhstan, Tajikistan (713ce-750ce) |
|
First Bulgarian Empire
|
681ce |
1018ce |
Bulgaria, Moldova, Ukraine, Turkey, Romania (681ce-1018ce), Hungary, Croatia (836ce-1018ce), Greece, North Macedonia (889ce-1018ce) |
|
Republic of Venice
|
697ce |
1797ce |
Slovenia, Croatia, Italy (697ce-1797ce), Montenegro (1420ce-1797ce), Greece, Albania (1489ce-1797ce), Cyprus (1489ce-1570ce) |
|
Balhae
|
698ce |
926ce |
China, Russia, North Korea (698ce-926ce) |
|
Kanem Empire
|
700ce |
1387ce |
Cameroon, Chad, Nigeria, Niger, Libya (700ce-1387ce) |
|
Vikings
|
700ce |
1263ce |
Norway, Sweden, Denmark (700ce-1066ce), Iceland (825ce-1100ce), Ireland (840ce-1171ce), Germany, Moldova, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland (850ce-1000ce), Belgium, Russia (859ce-1000ce), United Kingdom (865ce-1263ce), Ukraine (880ce-1000ce), France (911ce-1100ce) |
|
Uyghur Khaganate
|
744ce |
840ce |
Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, China, Tajikistan, Russia (744ce-840ce) |
|
Abbasid Empire
|
750ce |
1258ce |
Tajikistan, Libya, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Iraq, Russia, Kazakhstan, Bahrain, Lebanon, Turkmenistan, Iran, Italy, Qatar, Tunisia, Afghanistan, Kuwait, Turkey, Georgia, Pakistan, Algeria, Armenia, Jordan, Syria, Eritrea, Oman, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, Israel, Saudi Arabia (750ce-1258ce), Egypt (750ce-909ce) |
|
Pala Empire
|
750ce |
1150ce |
India, Bangladesh (750ce-1150ce) |
|
Holy Roman Empire
|
800ce |
1806ce |
Czech Republic, Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Luxembourg, Germany, Slovenia, Liechtenstein (800ce-1806ce), Switzerland (800ce-1649ce), Croatia (800ce-963ce), Italy (962ce-1806ce), Monaco (1032ce-1220ce), France (1033ce-1806ce), Cyprus (1197ce-1247ce), Poland (1500ce-1806ce) |
|
Khmer Empire
|
802ce |
1431ce |
Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand (802ce-1431ce) |
|
Samanid Dynasty
|
819ce |
999ce |
Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan (819ce-999ce) |
|
Tahirid Dynasty
|
821ce |
873ce |
Afghanistan, Iraq, Uzbekistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, India, Tajikistan, China, Pakistan (821ce-873ce) |
|
Great Moravian Empire
|
833ce |
906ce |
Czech Republic, Slovak Republic (833ce-906ce), Poland, Hungary (877ce-894ce) |
|
Chola Dynasty
|
850ce |
1279ce |
India (850ce-1279ce), Indonesia, Thailand (925ce-1279ce), Sri Lanka (996ce-1279ce), Maldives (1014ce-1279ce), Bangladesh (1016ce-1279ce), Singapore, Malaysia (1023ce-1279ce) |
|
Saffarid Dynasty
|
861ce |
1003ce |
Iran, Turkmenistan, India, Tajikistan, China, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Uzbekistan (861ce-1003ce) |
|
Kievan Rus
|
882ce |
1240ce |
Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia (882ce-1240ce) |
|
Liao Dynasty
|
907ce |
1125ce |
Mongolia, Kazakhstan, China, Russia, North Korea (907ce-1125ce) |
|
Fatimid Caliphate
|
909ce |
1171ce |
Libya, Tunisia, Algeria (909ce-1100ce), Morocco (920ce-987ce), Malta, Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia (969ce-1171ce), Italy, Lebanon, Syria (969ce-1100ce) |
|
Goryeo
|
918ce |
1392ce |
North Korea, South Korea (918ce-1392ce) |
|
Caliphate of Córdoba
|
929ce |
1031ce |
Spain, Andorra, Portugal, Morocco, Gibraltar (929ce-1031ce) |
|
Buyid Dynasty
|
945ce |
1055ce |
Iran, Turkey, Kuwait, Iraq (945ce-1055ce), Oman (977ce-1055ce) |
|
Tui Tonga Empire
|
950ce |
1865ce |
Samoa, Niue, Tuvalu, Fiji, Tonga, Cook Islands, Solomon Islands, Nauru (950ce-1865ce) |
|
KaraKhanid Khanate
|
955ce |
1212ce |
Turkmenistan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, China, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan (955ce-1212ce) |
|
Song Dynasty
|
960ce |
1279ce |
Hong Kong, China (960ce-1279ce) |
|
Ghaznavid Dynasty
|
977ce |
1186ce |
India, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Turkmenistan (977ce-1186ce) |
|
Scandinavian Empire
|
1016ce |
1035ce |
Norway, Denmark, United Kingdom, Sweden (1016ce-1035ce) |
|
Great Seljuq Empire
|
1037ce |
1194ce |
Israel, Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Lebanon, Yemen, Iraq, Syria, Armenia, Kuwait, Uzbekistan, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Georgia, Russia, Jordan, Turkmenistan, Egypt, Oman (1037ce-1194ce) |
|
Western Xia Dynasty
|
1038ce |
1227ce |
China, Mongolia (1038ce-1227ce) |
|
Almoravid Dynasty
|
1040ce |
1147ce |
Mauritania, Algeria, Gibraltar, Portugal, Western Sahara (1040ce-1147ce), Morocco, Spain (1056ce-1147ce) |
|
Uyunid dynasty
|
1076ce |
1253ce |
Iraq, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait (1076ce-1253ce) |
|
Khwarezmid Dynasty
|
1077ce |
1231ce |
Azerbaijan, Pakistan, Armenia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Turkey, Iran, Turkmenistan, Georgia, Tajikistan (1077ce-1231ce) |
|
Mossi Empire
|
1100ce |
1896ce |
Ghana, Burkina Faso (1100ce-1896ce) |
|
Kara-Khitan Khanate
|
1124ce |
1218ce |
Uzbekistan, Russia, Tajikistan, China, Mongolia, Kyrgyz Republic, Kazakhstan (1124ce-1218ce) |
|
Almohad Dynasty
|
1130ce |
1269ce |
Morocco, Algeria (1130ce-1269ce), Gibraltar, Spain (1145ce-1269ce), Portugal (1148ce-1269ce), Tunisia, Western Sahara, Libya (1152ce-1269ce) |
|
Ethiopian Empire
|
1137ce |
1974ce |
Eritrea, Ethiopia (1137ce-1974ce) |
|
Ghurid Dynasty
|
1150ce |
1215ce |
India, Uzbekistan, Bangladesh, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran (1150ce-1215ce) |
|
Plantagenet Empire
|
1154ce |
1204ce |
United Kingdom, France (1154ce-1204ce), Ireland (1166ce-1204ce) |
|
Ayyubid Dynasty
|
1171ce |
1260ce |
Syria, Lebanon, Sudan, Jordan, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Palestine, Iraq, Tunisia, Libya (1171ce-1260ce), Egypt (1171ce-1250ce), Turkey (1179ce-1260ce) |
|
Second Bulgarian Empire
|
1185ce |
1396ce |
Moldova, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Romania (1185ce-1396ce), Greece, Turkey, North Macedonia (1230ce-1396ce), Albania (1230ce-1240ce) |
|
Empire of Trebizond
|
1204ce |
1461ce |
Ukraine, Turkey, Georgia (1204ce-1461ce) |
|
Latin Empire
|
1204ce |
1261ce |
Bulgaria, Turkey, Greece (1204ce-1261ce) |
|
Delhi Sultanate
|
1206ce |
1526ce |
Nepal, India (1206ce-1526ce), Bangladesh (1206ce-1316ce) |
|
Mongol Empire
|
1206ce |
1368ce |
China, Russia, Mongolia (1206ce-1294ce), Kazakhstan, North Korea, Tajikistan (1219ce-1294ce), Uzbekistan (1220ce-1368ce), Turkmenistan (1223ce-1294ce), Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, India (1227ce-1294ce), Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan (1237ce-1294ce), Croatia (1241ce-1368ce), Hungary, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Poland, Lithuania, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Czech Republic (1258ce-1368ce), Syria, Bangladesh, Iraq (1259ce-1294ce), South Korea (1259ce-1259ce), Romania, Myanmar, Thailand, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Turkey, Laos, Vietnam (1279ce-1294ce) |
|
Danish Colonial Empire
|
1219ce |
1953ce |
Denmark (1219ce-1953ce), Estonia (1219ce-1227ce), Iceland (1380ce-1944ce), Norway (1380ce-1814ce), Sweden (1398ce-1523ce), India (1620ce-1825ce), Ghana (1658ce-1850ce), United States (1754ce-1917ce) |
|
Mali Empire
|
1235ce |
1650ce |
Mauritania, Mali, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea (1235ce-1650ce), Senegal (1235ce-1600ce), Niger (1235ce-1500ce) |
|
Ajuran Sultanate
|
1250ce |
1650ce |
Ethiopia, Somalia (1250ce-1650ce) |
|
Mamluk Sultanate
|
1250ce |
1517ce |
Jordan, Syria, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Libya, Turkey (1250ce-1517ce), Lebanon (1287ce-1517ce) |
|
Angevin Empire
|
1266ce |
1435ce |
Italy, France (1266ce-1435ce), Albania (1277ce-1368ce), Greece (1350ce-1435ce) |
|
Yuan Dynasty
|
1271ce |
1368ce |
Russia, South Korea, China, Mongolia (1271ce-1368ce), Myanmar (1277ce-1368ce), Laos, Bhutan (1280ce-1368ce), North Korea (1295ce-1368ce) |
|
Ifat Sultanate
|
1285ce |
1415ce |
Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia, Ethiopia (1285ce-1415ce) |
|
Khilji Dynasty
|
1290ce |
1320ce |
Afghanistan, Pakistan, India (1290ce-1320ce) |
|
Majapahit Empire
|
1293ce |
1527ce |
Indonesia, Malaysia (1293ce-1527ce) |
|
Golden Horde
|
1294ce |
1502ce |
Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Russia, Belarus, Romania, Moldova (1295ce-1502ce), Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Bulgaria, Uzbekistan (1295ce-1456ce) |
|
Chagatai Khanate
|
1295ce |
1363ce |
Kazakhstan (1227ce-1363ce), Tajikistan, India, Pakistan, China, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyz Republic, Turkmenistan (1295ce-1363ce) |
|
Ilkhanate
|
1295ce |
1335ce |
Tajikistan, Georgia, Syria, Azerbaijan, Pakistan, Armenia, Turkey, Iraq, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Iran (1295ce-1335ce) |
|
Ottoman Empire
|
1299ce |
1922ce |
Turkey (1299ce-1922ce), Greece (1389ce-1922ce), Bulgaria (1389ce-1913ce), North Macedonia (1391ce-1922ce), Albania (1417ce-1912ce), Serbia (1451ce-1922ce), Montenegro (1477ce-1799ce), Georgia, Ukraine (1481ce-1922ce), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1481ce-1908ce), Russia (1481ce-1815ce), Croatia (1481ce-1700ce), Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Palestine (1516ce-1922ce), Jordan, Azerbaijan (1516ce-1920ce), Armenia (1517ce-1918ce), Egypt (1517ce-1914ce), Bahrain, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Djibouti (1520ce-1922ce), Libya (1521ce-1912ce), Iraq (1534ce-1919ce), Kuwait (1534ce-1914ce), Algeria (1536ce-1900ce), Yemen (1538ce-1839ce), Oman (1539ce-1829ce), Romania (1541ce-1877ce), Moldova (1541ce-1812ce), Hungary (1541ce-1699ce), Qatar (1550ce-1670ce), Eritrea (1557ce-1882ce), Cyprus (1570ce-1914ce), Tunisia (1574ce-1881ce), Iran (1585ce-1603ce), United Arab Emirates (1683ce-1922ce), Somalia (1683ce-1912ce), Sudan (1821ce-1885ce) |
|
Oyo Empire
|
1300ce |
1800ce |
Benin, Togo, Nigeria (1300ce-1800ce) |
|
Serbian Empire
|
1346ce |
1371ce |
Serbia, Greece, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Albania, Montenegro, Croatia (1346ce-1371ce) |
|
Bruneian Empire
|
1368ce |
1888ce |
Brunei (1368ce-1888ce), Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia (1550ce-1888ce) |
|
Ming Dynasty
|
1368ce |
1644ce |
Laos, China, Vietnam (1368ce-1644ce), Russia, North Korea (1500ce-1644ce) |
|
Northern Yuan Dynasty
|
1368ce |
1635ce |
Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, China (1368ce-1635ce) |
|
Timurid Empire
|
1370ce |
1507ce |
Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan (1370ce-1507ce), Iran (1379ce-1405ce), Azerbaijan, Russia, Armenia, Pakistan, India, Kuwait, Georgia, Syria, Kazakhstan, China, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Turkey (1406ce-1507ce) |
|
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
|
1385ce |
1795ce |
Poland (1385ce-1795ce), Lithuania, Ukraine, Latvia, Belarus (1569ce-1795ce) |
|
Borno Empire
|
1387ce |
1893ce |
Nigeria (1387ce-1893ce), Cameroon, Niger (1500ce-1893ce), Chad (1580ce-1893ce) |
|
Joseon Empire
|
1392ce |
1910ce |
South Korea, North Korea (1392ce-1910ce) |
|
Portuguese Empire
|
1415ce |
2002ce |
Portugal (1415ce-2002ce), Morocco (1415ce-1769ce), Ghana (1482ce-1642ce), Cape Verde (1495ce-1975ce), Mozambique (1498ce-1975ce), Brazil (1500ce-1822ce), India (1503ce-1962ce), Macau (1557ce-1999ce), Maldives (1558ce-1573ce), Angola (1575ce-1975ce), Sri Lanka (1597ce-1658ce) |
|
Later Lê dynasty
|
1428ce |
1788ce |
Vietnam, Laos (1428ce-1788ce) |
|
Inca Empire Tawantinsuyo
|
1438ce |
1533ce |
Peru (1438ce-1533ce), Ecuador (1471ce-1533ce), Bolivia, Argentina, Chile (1494ce-1533ce), Colombia (1525ce-1533ce) |
|
Spanish Empire
|
1462ce |
1975ce |
Spain (1462ce-1975ce), Gibraltar (1462ce-1704ce), Cuba (1492ce-1899ce), Dominican Republic (1492ce-1865ce), Haiti (1492ce-1625ce), Bahamas (1492ce-1565ce), Puerto Rico (1493ce-1897ce), Jamaica (1494ce-1670ce), Venezuela (1498ce-1830ce), Aruba (1499ce-1636ce), Uruguay (1500ce-1817ce), Honduras (1502ce-1824ce), Costa Rica, Panama (1502ce-1821ce), Colombia (1509ce-1819ce), Algeria (1510ce-1541ce), United States (1511ce-1898ce), Mexico (1518ce-1823ce), Philippines (1521ce-1946ce), Trinidad and Tobago (1521ce-1731ce), Nicaragua (1522ce-1821ce), Guatemala, El Salvador (1524ce-1821ce), Belize (1524ce-1798ce), Peru (1532ce-1821ce), Bolivia (1532ce-1809ce), Ecuador (1534ce-1835ce), Paraguay (1534ce-1811ce), Argentina (1536ce-1832ce), Chile (1541ce-1824ce), Guam (1565ce-1817ce), Angola (1580ce-1640ce), Suriname (1593ce-1629ce), Palau (1710ce-1899ce), Equatorial Guinea (1778ce-1968ce), Western Sahara (1884ce-1975ce), Morocco (1912ce-1956ce) |
|
Songhai Empire
|
1464ce |
1591ce |
Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria, Guinea, Niger, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Benin, Mali (1464ce-1591ce) |
|
Shibanid Empire
|
1500ce |
1598ce |
Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan (1500ce-1598ce) |
|
Safavid Dynasty
|
1501ce |
1736ce |
Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Kuwait, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, Iran, Russia, Georgia, Uzbekistan (1501ce-1736ce) |
|
Mughal Empire
|
1504ce |
1858ce |
Afghanistan (1504ce-1747ce), India (1526ce-1858ce), Pakistan (1526ce-1750ce), Bangladesh (1576ce-1765ce) |
|
Aceh Sultanate
|
1528ce |
1903ce |
Brunei, Indonesia (1528ce-1903ce) |
|
Johor-Riau Empire
|
1528ce |
1855ce |
Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia (1528ce-1855ce) |
|
French colonial empires
|
1534ce |
2007ce |
France (1534ce-2007ce), Canada (1534ce-1763ce), Saint Kitts and Nevis (1624ce-1783ce), Haiti (1627ce-1804ce), United States (1660ce-1803ce), Senegal (1677ce-1960ce), India (1692ce-1954ce), Mauritius (1721ce-1810ce), Seychelles (1756ce-1810ce), Dominican Republic (1795ce-1809ce), Malta (1798ce-1798ce), Algeria (1830ce-1962ce), Gabon (1839ce-1960ce), Cote d'Ivoire (1843ce-1960ce), China (1849ce-1949ce), New Caledonia (1853ce-1999ce), Vietnam (1858ce-1954ce), Djibouti (1862ce-1977ce), Cambodia (1863ce-1953ce), Comoros (1866ce-1975ce), Congo (1875ce-1960ce), Mali (1880ce-1960ce), Tunisia (1881ce-1957ce), Vanuatu (1887ce-1980ce), Central African Republic, Guinea (1891ce-1958ce), Laos (1893ce-1953ce), Burkina Faso, Madagascar (1896ce-1960ce), Chad (1900ce-1960ce), Mauritania (1902ce-1960ce), Benin (1904ce-1958ce), Morocco (1912ce-1956ce), Cameroon (1914ce-1960ce), Togo (1916ce-1960ce), Syria (1920ce-1946ce), Lebanon (1920ce-1943ce), Niger (1922ce-1958ce), Libya (1943ce-1951ce) |
|
Kaabu Empire
|
1537ce |
1867ce |
Guinea-Bissau, Senegal (1537ce-1867ce) |
|
Maravi Empire
|
1575ce |
1750ce |
Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia (1575ce-1750ce) |
|
British Empire
|
1583ce |
2002ce |
United Kingdom (1583ce-1997ce), United States (1607ce-1776ce), Bermuda (1612ce-1997ce), Saint Kitts and Nevis (1623ce-1983ce), Barbados (1624ce-1966ce), Haiti (1631ce-1659ce), Antigua and Barbuda (1632ce-1981ce), Jamaica (1655ce-1962ce), Gambia (1664ce-1965ce), Belize (1665ce-1981ce), India (1665ce-1947ce), Bahamas (1666ce-1973ce), Canada (1668ce-1867ce), Cayman Islands (1670ce-2002ce), Gibraltar (1704ce-2002ce), Pakistan (1748ce-1947ce), Grenada (1762ce-1974ce), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1763ce-1979ce), Bangladesh (1765ce-1971ce), Falkland Islands (1766ce-2002ce), Samoa (1768ce-1962ce), Turkmenistan (1783ce-1997ce), Sierra Leone (1787ce-1961ce), Australia (1788ce-1901ce), Seychelles (1794ce-1976ce), Sri Lanka (1795ce-1948ce), Maldives (1796ce-1965ce), Namibia (1797ce-1990ce), South Africa (1797ce-1910ce), Oman (1798ce-1971ce), Malta (1800ce-1964ce), Ireland (1801ce-1919ce), Trinidad and Tobago (1802ce-1962ce), Argentina (1806ce-1825ce), Mauritius (1810ce-1968ce), French Guiana, Guyana (1814ce-1966ce), Malaysia (1819ce-1957ce), Ghana (1821ce-1957ce), Singapore (1824ce-1963ce), Myanmar (1824ce-1948ce), Yemen (1839ce-1967ce), Afghanistan (1839ce-1919ce), New Zealand (1840ce-1907ce), Hong Kong (1841ce-1997ce), Nigeria (1861ce-1960ce), Bhutan (1865ce-1935ce), Lesotho (1868ce-1966ce), Fiji (1874ce-1970ce), Bahrain (1880ce-1971ce), Papua New Guinea (1884ce-1906ce), Botswana (1885ce-1966ce), Somalia (1887ce-1960ce), Brunei (1888ce-1984ce), Kenya (1888ce-1963ce), Malawi (1889ce-1964ce), Uganda (1890ce-1962ce), United Arab Emirates (1892ce-1971ce), Solomon Islands (1893ce-1978ce), Kuwait (1899ce-1961ce), South Sudan, Sudan (1899ce-1956ce), Tonga (1900ce-1970ce), Swaziland (1903ce-1968ce), Nauru (1914ce-1968ce), Cameroon (1914ce-1961ce), Cyprus (1914ce-1960ce), Egypt (1914ce-1922ce), Kiribati (1916ce-1979ce), Qatar (1916ce-1971ce), Togo (1916ce-1956ce), Tanzania (1919ce-1961ce), Israel (1920ce-1948ce), Iraq (1920ce-1932ce), Zimbabwe (1923ce-1980ce), Zambia (1924ce-1964ce), Eritrea (1941ce-1993ce) |
|
Dutch Empire
|
1602ce |
1975ce |
Netherlands (1598ce-1975ce), Ghana (1598ce-1872ce), Indonesia (1602ce-1962ce), United States (1614ce-1664ce), Guyana (1630ce-1815ce), Brazil (1630ce-1654ce), Aruba (1636ce-1973ce), Mauritius (1638ce-1710ce), Sri Lanka (1639ce-1795ce), Singapore (1641ce-1825ce), Angola (1641ce-1648ce), Maldives (1645ce-1796ce), Malaysia (1650ce-1824ce), South Africa (1652ce-1814ce), India (1654ce-1825ce), Suriname (1667ce-1975ce) |
|
Swedish Empire
|
1611ce |
1721ce |
Finland, Estonia, Sweden, Russia (1611ce-1721ce), Latvia (1629ce-1721ce), Denmark (1645ce-1721ce), Poland, United States, Togo, Ghana, Germany, United Kingdom (1648ce-1721ce), Norway (1658ce-1719ce) |
|
Qing Dynasty
|
1637ce |
1912ce |
South Korea (1637ce-1895ce), India, Pakistan, Vietnam, China, Mongolia, Bhutan, Tajikistan, Myanmar, Afghanistan, Russia, Kazakhstan, North Korea (1644ce-1912ce) |
|
Omani Empire
|
1650ce |
1970ce |
Oman (1650ce-1970ce), Pakistan (1650ce-1958ce), Mozambique, Tanzania, Somalia, Kenya (1650ce-1856ce), United Arab Emirates, Yemen (1650ce-1820ce) |
|
Maratha Empire
|
1674ce |
1818ce |
Pakistan, India (1674ce-1818ce) |
|
Hotaki Dynasty
|
1709ce |
1738ce |
Tajikistan, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan (1709ce-1738ce) |
|
Kong Empire
|
1710ce |
1898ce |
Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire (1710ce-1898ce) |
|
Russian Empire Romanov
|
1721ce |
1917ce |
Russia, Azerbaijan, Latvia, Turkey, Finland, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, China, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Sweden, Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine (1721ce-1917ce), Lithuania (1772ce-1917ce), Romania, Poland (1801ce-1917ce), Georgia (1812ce-1917ce), Iran (1826ce-1917ce), Kyrgyz Republic (1864ce-1917ce) |
|
Afsharid Dynasty
|
1736ce |
1796ce |
Pakistan, Iran, Armenia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Bahrain, Iraq (1736ce-1796ce), India (1738ce-1796ce), Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (1740ce-1796ce), Turkey, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan (1741ce-1796ce), Oman, Georgia (1742ce-1796ce), Russia (1743ce-1796ce) |
|
Durrani Empire
|
1747ce |
1818ce |
Afghanistan (1747ce-1818ce), Iran (1747ce-1800ce), Pakistan (1749ce-1818ce), India (1757ce-1800ce) |
|
Zand Dynasty
|
1750ce |
1794ce |
Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, Azerbaijan, Russia, Armenia (1750ce-1794ce) |
|
Futa Toro
|
1776ce |
1871ce |
Mauritania, Senegal (1776ce-1871ce) |
|
Kingdom of Siam
|
1782ce |
1932ce |
Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia (1782ce-1932ce) |
|
Qajar Dynasty
|
1789ce |
1925ce |
Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Bahrain, Pakistan, Iraq, Turkey, Iran (1789ce-1925ce), Georgia, Armenia (1794ce-1828ce), Russia, Azerbaijan (1794ce-1813ce) |
|
Sikh Empire
|
1799ce |
1849ce |
Pakistan, India, China (1799ce-1849ce) |
|
Lozi Empire
|
1800ce |
1890ce |
Botswana, Angola, Namibia, Zambia (1800ce-1890ce) |
|
Nguyen Dynasty
|
1802ce |
1945ce |
Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, China (1802ce-1945ce) |
|
Fulani Empire (Sokoto)
|
1804ce |
1903ce |
Cameroon, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Niger (1804ce-1903ce) |
|
Austrian Empire
|
1804ce |
1867ce |
Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Italy, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Austria, Slovak Republic, Romania (1804ce-1867ce), Slovenia (1813ce-1867ce), Croatia (1814ce-1867ce), Albania (1816ce-1818ce) |
|
First Mexican Empire
|
1821ce |
1823ce |
El Salvador, Nicaragua, Belize, Mexico, Honduras, United States (1821ce-1823ce), Costa Rica, Guatemala (1822ce-1823ce) |
|
Empire of Brazil
|
1822ce |
1889ce |
Uruguay, Brazil (1822ce-1889ce) |
|
Belgian Colonial Empire
|
1843ce |
1962ce |
Belgium (1843ce-1960ce), Guatemala (1843ce-1854ce), Democratic Republic of the Congo (1885ce-1960ce), China (1900ce-1931ce), Tanzania (1916ce-1919ce), Italy (1919ce-1920ce), Rwanda, Burundi (1922ce-1962ce) |
|
AustroHungarian Empire
|
1867ce |
1918ce |
Croatia, Austria, Poland, France, Ukraine, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Germany, Slovenia, Italy, Serbia, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Hungary, Romania (1867ce-1918ce), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1908ce-1918ce) |
|
Empire of Japan
|
1868ce |
1947ce |
Japan (1868ce-1947ce), China, South Korea, Russia, North Korea (1905ce-1945ce), Vietnam, Laos (1940ce-1945ce), Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Marshall Islands, Solomon Islands, Palau, Singapore, Philippines, Malaysia, Myanmar, Cambodia (1942ce-1945ce) |
|
Italian Colonial Empire
|
1869ce |
1947ce |
Italy (1869ce-1943ce), Eritrea (1885ce-1941ce), Somalia (1889ce-1941ce), Libya, Greece (1912ce-1947ce), Ethiopia (1936ce-1941ce), Albania (1939ce-1947ce) |
|
German Empire
|
1871ce |
1918ce |
Poland, Denmark, Netherlands, Germany, Czech Republic, Lithuania, Belgium, Russia, France (1871ce-1918ce), Nauru, Palau, Namibia, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Marshall Islands (1884ce-1918ce), Cameroon (1884ce-1916ce), Solomon Islands (1885ce-1899ce), Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania (1890ce-1918ce), Togo (1905ce-1914ce) |
|
Korean Empire
|
1897ce |
1910ce |
South Korea, North Korea (1897ce-1910ce) |
|
Third Reich
|
1933ce |
1945ce |
Germany (1933ce-1945ce), Czech Republic, Austria, Slovenia (1938ce-1945ce), Poland, Lithuania (1939ce-1945ce), Netherlands, Belgium, France, Romania, Hungary (1940ce-1945ce), Montenegro, Greece, Russia, Serbia (1941ce-1945ce) |